# Onramp Bitcoin > Bitcoin Financial Services Built on Multi-Institution Custody Onramp is a Bitcoin financial services platform offering Multi-Institution Custody (MIC), Bitcoin IRA, cash management with Onramp-funded rewards, a spending card, Bitcoin-backed lending, and trade services. Onramp's available keyholders include Onramp, BitGo, Coincover, and Tetra Trust; each client vault uses a 2-of-3 multisig quorum so no single party can move funds. Billions in client bitcoin secured since 2022. ## The Proof of Reserves Illusion - [The Proof of Reserves Illusion](https://onrampbitcoin.com/research/the-proof-of-reserves-illusion): Research report arguing that Proof of Reserves is necessary but not sufficient for Bitcoin custody, and that Proof of Ownership is the standard institutions should demand. - [What Is Proof of Reserves](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/what-is-proof-of-reserves): Definitional guide to Proof of Reserves attestations and what they do and do not prove. - [Is Proof of Reserves Enough](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/is-proof-of-reserves-enough): Why Proof of Reserves alone does not protect Bitcoin holders from loss. - [Proof of Reserves vs Proof of Ownership](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/proof-of-reserves-vs-proof-of-ownership): How Proof of Reserves and Proof of Ownership differ and why ownership verification matters more. - [Why Proof of Reserves Did Not Prevent Bitcoin Hacks](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/why-proof-of-reserves-didnt-prevent-bitcoin-hacks): Case studies showing where Proof of Reserves failed to stop Bitcoin losses. - [How Was Bybit Hacked](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/how-was-bybit-hacked): A breakdown of the Bybit hack and what it reveals about custody risk. - [The Safest Way to Custody Bitcoin](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/safest-way-to-custody-bitcoin): A decision framework for Bitcoin custody, including Onramp's 2-of-3 multisig Multi-Institution Custody across Onramp, BitGo Trust, and CoinCover. - [Proof of Reserves (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/proof-of-reserves): A cryptographic attestation that a custodian holds reserves matching its stated liabilities. - [Merkle Tree Attestation (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/merkle-tree-attestation): A method for proving inclusion of customer balances in a custodian's reserves using a Merkle tree. - [Proof of Ownership (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/proof-of-ownership): Verifiable evidence that a specific party controls the keys to specific Bitcoin, not just that reserves exist. - [Multi-Institution Custody (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/multi-institution-custody): A 2-of-3 multisig custody model distributing keys across Onramp, BitGo Trust, and CoinCover so no single party can move funds. ## The Stablecoin Stack - [The Stablecoin Stack](https://onrampbitcoin.com/research/the-stablecoin-stack): Research report on how the GENIUS Act and CLARITY Act build a two-layer digital monetary system: a regulated stablecoin velocity layer and a Bitcoin base layer classified as a digital commodity. - [What is the GENIUS Act](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/what-is-the-genius-act): Guide to the first US federal payment-stablecoin framework, its Treasury-reserve mandate, and the structural Treasury demand it creates. - [What is the CLARITY Act](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/what-is-the-clarity-act): Guide to the five-bucket digital-asset classification framework and the SEC/CFTC joint interpretation that operationalized it. - [GENIUS Act vs CLARITY Act](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/genius-act-vs-clarity-act): Comparison of stablecoin issuance regulation and digital-asset classification. - [Can stablecoins pay interest](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/can-stablecoins-pay-interest): Explanation of issuer interest bans, activity-based rewards, and the deposit-flight fight. - [Can stablecoins be frozen](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/can-stablecoins-be-frozen): Explanation of issuer freeze capability and the April 2026 Iran USDT freeze. - [Is Bitcoin a commodity or a security](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/is-bitcoin-a-commodity-or-a-security): Explanation of Bitcoin's digital-commodity classification under the CLARITY framework. - [GENIUS Act (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/genius-act) - [CLARITY Act (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/clarity-act) - [Payment stablecoin (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/payment-stablecoin) - [Digital commodity (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/digital-commodity) - [Multi-Institution Custody (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/multi-institution-custody) ## The Architecture of Failure - [The Architecture of Failure](https://onrampbitcoin.com/research/the-architecture-of-failure): Research report on what the Prime Trust bankruptcy reveals about the way most bitcoin is held for other people, why the clawback claims are strong, who is exposed, and the custody architecture that removes the single point of failure. - [What was the Prime Trust bankruptcy](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/what-was-the-prime-trust-bankruptcy): Definitional guide to the Prime Trust collapse, the lost legacy wallets, the pooled-customer-funds shortfall, and the custody failure beneath it. - [Can bitcoin be clawed back in a bankruptcy](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/can-bitcoin-be-clawed-back-in-a-bankruptcy): How Section 547 preference law lets a bankruptcy estate recover bitcoin withdrawn before a custodian's collapse. - [Who custodies bitcoin ETFs](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/who-custodies-bitcoin-etfs): Why spot bitcoin ETF holders depend on concentrated third-party custodians they cannot see, evaluate, or choose. - [Can a custodian take title to your bitcoin](https://onrampbitcoin.com/knowledge-center/can-a-custodian-take-title-to-your-bitcoin): Why contract language can move ownership of your bitcoin to a custodian, and why a claim is not the same as ownership. - [Preference, Section 547 (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/preference-section-547): A bankruptcy mechanism allowing recovery of certain payments a debtor made shortly before filing. - [Commingling (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/commingling): Mixing client assets together or with a custodian's own funds so individual ownership can no longer be traced. - [Omnibus account (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/omnibus-account): A pooled account holding many clients' assets under the custodian's name rather than in segregated, client-titled vaults. - [Qualified custodian (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/qualified-custodian): A regulated entity permitted to hold client assets, a status that does not by itself guarantee segregation or ownership. - [Bankruptcy remoteness (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/bankruptcy-remoteness): A structure meant to keep client assets outside a custodian's bankruptcy estate if it fails. - [Multi-Institution Custody (glossary)](https://onrampbitcoin.com/learn/terms/multi-institution-custody): A 2-of-3 multisig custody model distributing keys across Onramp, BitGo Trust, and CoinCover so no single party can move funds. ## Weekly Market Brief Newsletter - [Weekly Market Brief](https://onrampbitcoin.com/newsletter): Onramp's weekly newsletter covering bitcoin market analysis, custody, and institutional adoption ## Optional - [Full details](https://onrampbitcoin.com/llms-full.txt)